L’Autore richiama l’attenzione sulle ragioni costituzionali che giustificano la differenziazione tra regioni ordinarie e regioni speciali. Lo studio ripercorre le modalità che hanno caratterizzato l’attuazione della legge costituzionale n. 3 del 2001, con particolare riferimento al “coordinamento della finanza pubblica” e alle diposizioni di attuazione degli Statuti speciali. Oggi è possibile distinguere tra diversi modelli di specialità regionale grazie ai quali si mantengono privilegi ai quali non si intende rinunziare. In questa prospettiva, le regioni speciali rimangono saldamente legate ai propri statuti la cui modifica o revisione è rinviata.
The Authors deals with the Origins and Perspectives of the Constitutional Differentiation of Regional Autonomy in Italy.
This work sheds a light on the impact of the Constitutional and Legislative Reforms from 2001 on Special Autonomy Regions (and on the Two Autonomous Provinces) taking into account the Italian Constitutional Court case-law. It is sketched how it happened a sort of homogenization of the Constitutional Regime of Special Autonomies with the one given for the so called “Ordinary Regions” in Title V, Part II of the Italian Constitution.
Among the subject matters where this trend expresses all its facets and potentials there are the Normative Spheres of Competence on Coordination of Public Finance and Harmonization of Public Budgets. The Authors outlines and critically analyze the normative framework and the Constitutional Case law which refers to these issues.
It is then sketched the “twofold” meaning of Special Autonomy (the Northern Idea of Special Autonomies and the Southern one) in the light of the Italian Political and Constitutional History to state then that this History, codified in the Regional Statutes and in the sources of law which more then others characterize the “special way” of implementing this model of Regional Autonomy (the “norme di attuazione”: norms of implementation of the Regional Competences given to the Regions by their Statute that are adopted by the Italian Government after a normative procedure involving Commissions where the Government of the State and of the Regions are equally represented).
This outline of Special Autonomy in the present Constitutional Framework is the premise to sketch then the perspectives of Special Regional Autonomy. The Author in particular focuses on techniques and tools useful to overcome the codified asset of Special Autonomy and to make it more flexible and to adapt it to present: Special Regional Autonomy nowadays must be a tool to define new forms and conditions of autonomy in a wider range of issues and questions.
